Influence of gypsum-containing waste on ammonia binding in animal waste composting

Abstract

The possibility of using gypsum-containing waste-citrogypsum, which is a by-product of the chemical biosynthesis of citric acid, was considered as an additive for composting poultry manure from poultry farms that practice litter-free poultry keeping. It was concluded that citrogypsum can be used in composting poultry waste to reduce volatilization of ammonia and preserve nutrients